diff --git a/.codex/skills/gpt-image-2-apimart/scripts/generate-anthro-cat-illustrations.mjs b/.codex/skills/gpt-image-2-apimart/scripts/generate-anthro-cat-illustrations.mjs
index 5c2bd1aae..da0310e08 100644
--- a/.codex/skills/gpt-image-2-apimart/scripts/generate-anthro-cat-illustrations.mjs
+++ b/.codex/skills/gpt-image-2-apimart/scripts/generate-anthro-cat-illustrations.mjs
@@ -223,6 +223,15 @@ function inferExtensionFromBytes(bytes) {
   return null;
 }
 
+// Tiantoken 偶发 408/429/5xx 时重试同一个 concrete model；跨模型回退仍由
+// server-rs 负责，脚本不做任何模型替换。
+const transientRetryMaxAttempts = 3;
+const transientRetryBaseDelayMs = 1000;
+
+function isTransientProviderStatus(status) {
+  return status === 408 || status === 429 || status >= 500;
+}
+
 async function fetchJson(url, options, timeoutMs) {
   const abortController = new AbortController();
   const timer = setTimeout(() => abortController.abort(), timeoutMs);
@@ -237,15 +246,14 @@ async function fetchJson(url, options, timeoutMs) {
         `Tiantoken ${response.status}: ${text.slice(0, 600)}`,
       );
       error.providerStatus = response.status;
-      error.providerBody = text;
       throw error;
     }
     try {
       return JSON.parse(text);
     } catch (error) {
-      error.providerResponseParse = true;
-      error.providerBody = text;
-      throw error;
+      throw new Error(
+        `Tiantoken 返回无法解析的响应体：${error.message}；响应片段：${text.slice(0, 600)}`,
+      );
     }
   } catch (error) {
     if (error?.name === 'AbortError') {
@@ -257,6 +265,26 @@ async function fetchJson(url, options, timeoutMs) {
   }
 }
 
+async function fetchJsonWithRetry(url, options, timeoutMs, requestId) {
+  for (let attempt = 1; ; attempt += 1) {
+    try {
+      return await fetchJson(url, options, timeoutMs);
+    } catch (error) {
+      if (
+        attempt >= transientRetryMaxAttempts ||
+        !isTransientProviderStatus(error?.providerStatus)
+      ) {
+        throw error;
+      }
+      const delayMs = transientRetryBaseDelayMs * 2 ** (attempt - 1);
+      console.warn(
+        `Tiantoken ${error.providerStatus} on ${requestId}, retrying the same model in ${delayMs}ms (attempt ${attempt + 1}/${transientRetryMaxAttempts})`,
+      );
+      await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, delayMs));
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 async function requestImagePayload(env, entry) {
   const model = imageModel;
   const requestBody = {
@@ -265,7 +293,7 @@ async function requestImagePayload(env, entry) {
     n: 1,
     size: '1024x1024',
   };
-  const payload = await fetchJson(
+  const payload = await fetchJsonWithRetry(
     buildTiantokenImagesGenerationUrl(env.baseUrl),
     {
       method: 'POST',
@@ -277,15 +305,15 @@ async function requestImagePayload(env, entry) {
       body: JSON.stringify(requestBody),
     },
     env.timeoutMs,
+    entry.id,
   );
   const base64Image = decodeStrictBase64Image(extractBase64Images(payload)[0]);
   if (extractImageUrls(payload)[0] || base64Image) {
     return payload;
   }
-  const error = new Error(`Tiantoken returned no image for ${entry.id}`);
-  error.providerResponseParse = true;
-  error.providerBody = JSON.stringify(payload).slice(0, 600);
-  throw error;
+  throw new Error(
+    `Tiantoken returned no image for ${entry.id}：${JSON.stringify(payload).slice(0, 600)}`,
+  );
 }
 
 async function downloadUrl(url, timeoutMs) {
diff --git a/.codex/skills/gpt-image-2-apimart/scripts/generate-template-samples.mjs b/.codex/skills/gpt-image-2-apimart/scripts/generate-template-samples.mjs
index 5b23bc70e..e37683cd8 100644
--- a/.codex/skills/gpt-image-2-apimart/scripts/generate-template-samples.mjs
+++ b/.codex/skills/gpt-image-2-apimart/scripts/generate-template-samples.mjs
@@ -193,6 +193,15 @@ function inferExtensionFromBytes(bytes) {
   return null;
 }
 
+// Tiantoken 偶发 408/429/5xx 时重试同一个 concrete model；跨模型回退仍由
+// server-rs 负责，脚本不做任何模型替换。
+const transientRetryMaxAttempts = 3;
+const transientRetryBaseDelayMs = 1000;
+
+function isTransientProviderStatus(status) {
+  return status === 408 || status === 429 || status >= 500;
+}
+
 async function fetchJson(url, options, timeoutMs) {
   const abortController = new AbortController();
   const timer = setTimeout(() => abortController.abort(), timeoutMs);
@@ -207,15 +216,14 @@ async function fetchJson(url, options, timeoutMs) {
         `Tiantoken ${response.status}: ${text.slice(0, 600)}`,
       );
       error.providerStatus = response.status;
-      error.providerBody = text;
       throw error;
     }
     try {
       return JSON.parse(text);
     } catch (error) {
-      error.providerResponseParse = true;
-      error.providerBody = text;
-      throw error;
+      throw new Error(
+        `Tiantoken 返回无法解析的响应体：${error.message}；响应片段：${text.slice(0, 600)}`,
+      );
     }
   } catch (error) {
     if (error?.name === 'AbortError') {
@@ -227,6 +235,26 @@ async function fetchJson(url, options, timeoutMs) {
   }
 }
 
+async function fetchJsonWithRetry(url, options, timeoutMs, requestId) {
+  for (let attempt = 1; ; attempt += 1) {
+    try {
+      return await fetchJson(url, options, timeoutMs);
+    } catch (error) {
+      if (
+        attempt >= transientRetryMaxAttempts ||
+        !isTransientProviderStatus(error?.providerStatus)
+      ) {
+        throw error;
+      }
+      const delayMs = transientRetryBaseDelayMs * 2 ** (attempt - 1);
+      console.warn(
+        `Tiantoken ${error.providerStatus} on ${requestId}, retrying the same model in ${delayMs}ms (attempt ${attempt + 1}/${transientRetryMaxAttempts})`,
+      );
+      await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, delayMs));
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 async function requestImagePayload(env, template) {
   const model = imageModel;
   const requestBody = {
@@ -235,7 +263,7 @@ async function requestImagePayload(env, template) {
     n: 1,
     size: '1024x1024',
   };
-  const payload = await fetchJson(
+  const payload = await fetchJsonWithRetry(
     buildTiantokenImagesGenerationUrl(env.baseUrl),
     {
       method: 'POST',
@@ -247,15 +275,15 @@ async function requestImagePayload(env, template) {
       body: JSON.stringify(requestBody),
     },
     env.timeoutMs,
+    template.id,
   );
   const base64Image = decodeStrictBase64Image(extractBase64Images(payload)[0]);
   if (extractImageUrls(payload)[0] || base64Image) {
     return payload;
   }
-  const error = new Error(`Tiantoken returned no image for ${template.id}`);
-  error.providerResponseParse = true;
-  error.providerBody = JSON.stringify(payload).slice(0, 600);
-  throw error;
+  throw new Error(
+    `Tiantoken returned no image for ${template.id}：${JSON.stringify(payload).slice(0, 600)}`,
+  );
 }
 
 async function downloadUrl(url, timeoutMs) {