diff --git a/server-rs/crates/api-server/src/openai_image_generation.rs b/server-rs/crates/api-server/src/openai_image_generation.rs
index a80d03749..e276d2cea 100644
--- a/server-rs/crates/api-server/src/openai_image_generation.rs
+++ b/server-rs/crates/api-server/src/openai_image_generation.rs
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ use platform_image::{
     VECTOR_ENGINE_PROVIDER, build_image_http_client, create_image_edit,
     create_image_edit_with_references, create_image_edit_with_references_and_model,
     create_image_generation, create_image_generation_with_model,
-    create_nanobanana_generate_content,
+    create_nanobanana_generate_content, missing_reference_images_error,
 };
 #[cfg(test)]
 use platform_image::{build_image_request_body, images_edit_url, images_generation_url};
@@ -320,6 +320,21 @@ pub(crate) async fn create_openai_image_edit_with_references(
         "negativePromptChars": negative_prompt.map(str::chars).map(Iterator::count),
         "referenceImageCount": reference_images.len(),
     });
+    // 中文注释：先做本地参考图校验，避免 provider 客户端缺失时在校验前 panic。
+    if reference_images.is_empty() {
+        return map_platform_image_result(
+            settings,
+            Err(missing_reference_images_error(
+                ImageProvider::Tiantoken,
+                failure_context,
+            )),
+            "image_edit_with_references",
+            failure_context,
+            request_payload,
+            started_at_micros,
+        )
+        .await;
+    }
     let provider_client = settings.client_for_model(GPT_IMAGE_2_5_EDIT_MODEL);
     let provider_settings = settings.provider_settings_for_model(GPT_IMAGE_2_5_EDIT_MODEL);
     let result = create_image_edit_with_references(
@@ -364,6 +379,21 @@ pub(crate) async fn create_openai_image_edit_with_references_and_model(
         "negativePromptChars": negative_prompt.map(str::chars).map(Iterator::count),
         "referenceImageCount": reference_images.len(),
     });
+    // 中文注释：先做本地参考图校验，避免 provider 客户端缺失时在校验前 panic。
+    if reference_images.is_empty() {
+        return map_platform_image_result(
+            settings,
+            Err(missing_reference_images_error(
+                ImageProvider::Tiantoken,
+                failure_context,
+            )),
+            "image_edit_with_references",
+            failure_context,
+            request_payload,
+            started_at_micros,
+        )
+        .await;
+    }
     let provider_client = settings.client_for_model(model);
     let provider_settings = settings.provider_settings_for_model(model);
     let result = create_image_edit_with_references_and_model(
diff --git a/server-rs/crates/platform-image/src/image_provider/mod.rs b/server-rs/crates/platform-image/src/image_provider/mod.rs
index 118e9af4d..a0695bfcb 100644
--- a/server-rs/crates/platform-image/src/image_provider/mod.rs
+++ b/server-rs/crates/platform-image/src/image_provider/mod.rs
@@ -26,5 +26,6 @@ pub use runtime::{
     create_image_edit, create_image_edit_with_references,
     create_image_edit_with_references_and_model, create_image_generation,
     create_image_generation_with_model, create_nanobanana_generate_content, download_remote_image,
+    missing_reference_images_error,
 };
 pub use transport::{build_image_http_client, build_image_provider_client};
diff --git a/server-rs/crates/platform-image/src/image_provider/runtime/error.rs b/server-rs/crates/platform-image/src/image_provider/runtime/error.rs
index a58f2d247..b05e44117 100644
--- a/server-rs/crates/platform-image/src/image_provider/runtime/error.rs
+++ b/server-rs/crates/platform-image/src/image_provider/runtime/error.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,19 @@
 use std::{error::Error, fmt};
 
-use crate::image_provider::{audit::PlatformImageFailureAudit, util::is_timeout_message};
+use crate::image_provider::{
+    audit::PlatformImageFailureAudit, types::ImageProvider, util::is_timeout_message,
+};
+
+/// 图片编辑缺少参考图时的统一错误；调用方可在解析 provider 客户端之前先行校验。
+pub fn missing_reference_images_error(
+    provider: ImageProvider,
+    failure_context: &str,
+) -> PlatformImageError {
+    PlatformImageError::InvalidRequest {
+        provider: provider.as_str(),
+        message: format!("{failure_context}：缺少参考图，图片编辑需要至少一张参考图。"),
+    }
+}
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub enum PlatformImageError {
diff --git a/server-rs/crates/platform-image/src/image_provider/runtime/executor.rs b/server-rs/crates/platform-image/src/image_provider/runtime/executor.rs
index a98687c1c..808fc6873 100644
--- a/server-rs/crates/platform-image/src/image_provider/runtime/executor.rs
+++ b/server-rs/crates/platform-image/src/image_provider/runtime/executor.rs
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ use crate::image_provider::{
         map_curl_error, send_image_json_request_with_curl,
         send_image_multipart_edit_request_with_curl,
     },
-    error::PlatformImageError,
+    error::{PlatformImageError, missing_reference_images_error},
     image_source::resolve_reference_images,
     request::{
         build_image_edit_request_log_params, build_image_request_body_with_model,
@@ -499,10 +499,10 @@ pub async fn create_image_edit_with_references_and_model(
         }
     })?;
     if reference_images.is_empty() {
-        return Err(PlatformImageError::InvalidRequest {
-            provider: settings.provider.as_str(),
-            message: format!("{failure_context}：缺少参考图，图片编辑需要至少一张参考图。"),
-        });
+        return Err(missing_reference_images_error(
+            settings.provider,
+            failure_context,
+        ));
     }
     if reference_images.len() > VECTOR_ENGINE_IMAGE_EDIT_MAX_REFERENCE_IMAGES {
         return Err(PlatformImageError::InvalidRequest {
diff --git a/server-rs/crates/platform-image/src/image_provider/runtime/mod.rs b/server-rs/crates/platform-image/src/image_provider/runtime/mod.rs
index 88a04c640..63bf83afb 100644
--- a/server-rs/crates/platform-image/src/image_provider/runtime/mod.rs
+++ b/server-rs/crates/platform-image/src/image_provider/runtime/mod.rs
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ pub(crate) use crate::image_provider::transport::curl as curl_transport;
 pub use audit::PlatformImageFailureAudit;
 pub(crate) use audit::build_failure_audit;
 pub(crate) use budget::{effective_request_timeout_ms, request_budget_exhausted_error};
-pub use error::{PlatformImageError, PlatformImageStatusHint};
+pub use error::{PlatformImageError, PlatformImageStatusHint, missing_reference_images_error};
 pub use executor::{
     create_image_edit, create_image_edit_with_references,
     create_image_edit_with_references_and_model, create_image_generation,
diff --git a/server-rs/crates/platform-image/src/lib.rs b/server-rs/crates/platform-image/src/lib.rs
index 654062eac..7f7a69d5b 100644
--- a/server-rs/crates/platform-image/src/lib.rs
+++ b/server-rs/crates/platform-image/src/lib.rs
@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@ pub use image_provider::{
     create_image_edit_with_references, create_image_edit_with_references_and_model,
     create_image_generation, create_image_generation_with_model,
     create_nanobanana_generate_content, download_remote_image, images_edit_url,
-    images_generation_url, nanobanana_generate_content_url, resolve_image_provider,
+    images_generation_url, missing_reference_images_error, nanobanana_generate_content_url,
+    resolve_image_provider,
 };
 pub use pixel_art_snapper::{
     PIXEL_ART_ALPHA_COVERAGE_THRESHOLD, PIXEL_ART_ANALYSIS_COLORS, PIXEL_ART_KMEANS_SAMPLE_LIMIT,